“神话-原型”批评视角下埃及早期墓葬建筑的多重隐喻研究

Multiple Metaphors in Early Egyptian Burial Architecture from the Perspective of “Myth-Archetype” Criticism

摘要:

从分析古埃及神话文本中的“大母神”和“宇宙山（树）”原型的空间象征意义入手，通过梳理早期墓葬建筑的形式、空间及构造的演变过程，归纳了各历史时期上、 下埃及不同空间原型的具体表现形式，并在此基础上阐释了在独特的混合神学观念影响下，“神话-原型”象征在古埃及墓葬建筑视角中的复杂演化过程，总结了地穴式墓葬建筑、上埃及国王衣冠冢以及下埃及马斯塔巴中关于“神话-原型”的多重隐喻。

Abstract:

This paper begins with the analysis of the spatial symbolic meaning of the archetypes of the “great mother” and “universal mountain (or tree)” in ancient Egyptian mythological texts. Through studying the origin and evolution of form, space, and structure of early burial buildings, the paper then identifies the specific forms of spatial archetypes in Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt in each historical period. On this basis, the paper suggests that, under the influence of the unique mixed theological concepts, the “myth-archetype” phenomenon symbolizes the complex evolution process in ancient Egyptian tomb architecture. Finally, the paper elaborates the multiple metaphors of the “myth-archetype” in the catacombs, the cenotaphs of the kings of Upper Egypt, and the Mastaba tombs in Lower Egypt.