东南小流域畲族聚落与住宅建筑研究——以福建长溪流域为例

An Analysis of Settlement and Residential Building Patterns of the She Minority in the Southeast Coastal Area of China: A Case Study of the Changxi River Basin in Fujian Province

摘要:

以长溪流域畲族聚落与住宅为例，基于文献和实地调查，考察聚落的分布、形成及其构成，梳理畲族住宅的类型以及平面、空间和构架特征；揭示传统畲族聚落及住宅的生成原因及其从简单到复杂的建筑结构和空间构成演变规律；进而从山地环境、社会生活和营造技艺等方面归纳长溪流域畲族聚落与住宅的文化特征；同时引入耗散结构理论对畲族及其建筑文化的形成机制作出阐释。希望从流域的视角为民族建筑研究提供一种新思路。

Abstract:

This paper examines the distribution, formation, and composition of She settlements and dwellings in the Changxi watershed through a combination of literature review and field surveys. It identifies and characterizes the types of She dwellings according to their plan, space, and framing characteristics, and investigates the causes of their settlements and residences and the evolution of their architectural structure and spatial composition from simple to complex. Cultural features are elucidated from the perspective of the mountainous environment, social life, and construction skills. Furthermore, the theory of dissipative structure is applied to analyze the formation of She minority and its architectural culture, providing a novel approach for the research of architecture of ethnic characteristics from the perspective of river basin.