界画复原研究方法初探——以《明皇避暑宫图》为例

A Restoration Method for Architecture Depicted on Boundary Painting—Looking at the Summer Palace of Emperor Ming Huang

摘要:

界画是中国绘画中一项独特的画种，突出表现为对建筑准确细致地描绘。历史文献里记载了界画创作中存在尺寸“折算”的过程，可惜并无详细的算法说明。将画面尺寸与设计尺寸进行比对，可能是找出折算方法的一种有效方式。该方式分为两步：第一步，通过识读、分析画面形象，还原绘画者头脑中的设计尺寸。第二步，比较设计尺寸和画面实际尺寸，找出折算方法。第一步即为界画的复原研究。本文以《明皇避暑宫图》为研究对象，详细阐述了界画复原研究所需的三个步骤：识读、分析和再设计。

Abstract:

Boundary painting (jiehua) is a unique kind of Chinese painting that is executed with measuring devices such as rulers to create an accurate and detailed depiction of architecture. Historical documents mention the procedure of size “conversion”, but they do not describe a particular algorithm. To explore the historical conversion method used in boundary painting, this article first analyzes the dimensions of architecture depicted on the Minghuang bishugong tu (The Summer Palace of Emperor Ming Huang) and makes some conjectures regarding how the design in the painter’s mind could have looked like; then, the article compares the size of the intended design with the size of the objects actually depicted and identifies the logic operation behind the conversion; finally, the article restores the architecture depicted on the boundary painting virtually. By doing so, the article establishes a three-step process for the restoration of architecture depicted on boundary painting that entails observation, analysis, and restoration.