明代宦官中的哲匠——尚义事略

Brief Biography of Shang Yi —A Ming Eunuch and Master Craftsman

摘要:

明代御用监太监尚义，曾董建青海乐都瞿昙寺， 督理南京大报恩寺收尾工程，主持北京大功德禅寺、大兴隆寺、大隆福寺三座皇家巨刹的修缮、兴造，具有卓杰建筑规划设计才能和高度艺术素养，堪称哲匠。本文着眼于他参与的几项重大工程，兼论其捐建寺庙、督造绘画、守卫京城等事迹。将尚义的个人经历置于社会背景下考察， 可见其经历是明初国家与社会发展的投影。

Abstract:

Shang Yi, a senior eunuch within the Ming Directorate for Imperial Accoutrements (Yuyongjian), presided over the construction of Qutan Temple in Ledu, Qinghai. He also supervised the final phase of the Dabaoen Temple project in Nanjing and led the renovation of three imperial sites in Beijing—Dagongde Temple, Daxinglong Temple, and Dalongfu Temple. He was a talented planner and designer with good taste and a skilled craftsman. This paper investigates not only several of his major projects and explains his good deeds (e.g. donating money for temple construction; encouraging the appreciation and production of art; guarding the capital); but, through analysis of his social background and career, the paper also demonstrates that Shang Yi’ s life is a concrete reflection of the national and social development in the early Ming dynasty.