“一地多尺”现象和用尺习俗——近年传统营造用尺制度研究的一些心得*

“Multiple Rulers Used in One Place” —Recent Research on the Traditional Construction Ruler

摘要:

尺法是传统营造研究最核心的内容之一，而基准尺长是研究营造尺法的先决条件。本文指出了营造尺基准尺长获取的三种方式，即实物测量、口诀换算和文献推算， 解析了乡土营造中“一地多尺”现象的原因和处置方案； 进一步阐述了传统营造尺法的两个基本的方向，即“整数制”和“压白制”，并细划了其具体类型的操作方式。

Abstract:

Knowing the historical way of measuring is crucial for the success of any study on traditional Chinese construction; and knowing the standard ruler-length is a prerequisite to study historical measurement techniques. This paper discusses three basic ways to obtain the rulerlength and investigates the phenomenon of “multiple rulers used in one place” from the perspective of village construction. The paper then identifies two main approaches to the use of the construction ruler: using whole numbers, or rounding the numbers (yabai technique).