18世纪法国的现代先声——部雷建筑语言的来源和演变

A Prelude to Modernity in Eighteenth-Century France —Origin and Evolution of Boullée’s Architectural Language

摘要:

艾蒂安-路易·部雷(étienne-Louis Boullée)是 18 世纪法国建筑界不容忽视的建筑师。部雷的建筑设计既折射了他的政治立场，也表现出建筑师为公民设计的热忱， 在 20 世纪中叶以后，又以其作品的先锋性和现代性启发了阿尔多·罗西等建筑师的创作和理论。欧美国家对部雷的研究已有一定的规模和深度，但目前关于部雷的中文出版物还极少。本文依据已公开的史料及相关历史背景，综述了有关研究者的观点，并在此基础上对部雷的创作动机及设计语言的来源作了进一步探索。对部雷作品的研究有助于理解 18 世纪的法国建筑史，对当代中国建筑师思考自身的社会责任及如何建构建筑的意义亦有启发。

Abstract:

The French architect étienne-Louis Boullée (1728—1799) was an indispensable figure for eighteenthcentury French architecture. Boullée’s designs not only reflect his political stance, but also show his enthusiasm for designing for the people. After the mid-twentieth century, the experimental and radical qualities of Boullée’s work inspired Aldo Rossi and other modern architects. As Chinese publications on Boullée are rare, this article is breaking new ground and explores the source of Boullée’s creativity and design language. The study of Boullée’s work will greatly help us understand the history of French architecture in the eighteenth century better, and it might also inspire contemporary Chinese architects to reflect on their own social responsibilities and, ultimately, on how to create meaning through architecture.