从大木尺度现象看柳林香严寺毗卢殿建造年代之复杂性*

Dating Pilu Hall of Xiangyan Temple in Liulin County Based on the Hall’s Timber Framing Dimensions

摘要:

毗卢殿是山西柳林香严寺中的重要建筑，构架简明，却又在细节设计上存在独特和矛盾之处。本文基于三维激光扫描和手工补测，对毗卢殿的建筑平面、架道、材分°设计等大木尺度设计进行了解读和还原，发现毗卢殿的设计中采用了 310 毫米和 318~319 毫米两种不同长度的营造尺。两把营造尺反映出其建造年代的复杂性，毗卢殿始建于元代，明清时期经历修缮，但其斗栱仍然保留了元构的尺度和造型特征。

Abstract:

Pilu Hall is an important (undated) building at Xiangyan Temple in Liulin county, Shanxi province. The timber-framed structure appears clear and simple, but there are some contradictions and inconsistencies in its design. Based on data acquired via 3D laser scanning and manual measurement, this paper restores the proportional design of the timber frame and interprets the column layout, the beam framework, and the (caifen) unit-based modular system. The authors suggest that two types of construction rulers were used at Pilu Hall; one measuring 310 mm in length and the other one, 318-319 mm. The existence of two rulers reflects the complex issue of determining the construction date. Most likely, Pilu Hall was built in the Yuan dynasty; it was repaired in the Ming and Qing dynasties, but its dougong retained the original (Yuan) dimensions and structural characteristics.